Implementing a secure Joomla website.
#First create the MariaDB/mySQL database
mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE <YourDatabaseName>;
CREATE USER <UsernameForJoomla>@localhost;
SET PASSWORD FOR '<UsernameForJoomla>'@'localhost' = PASSWORD("<Your Password>");
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON <YourDatabaseName>.* TO '<UsernameForJoomla>'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '<Your Password>' WITH GRANT OPTION;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;
cd /var/www
touch configuration.php
chmod 644 configuration.php
rm -rf /var/www/html
http://<localhost>
(if you get the standard Apache welcome screen, delete the index.html from /var/www)
Configure Joomla
Websitenaam: <Your website name>
Gebruikersnaam/Admin user: <Your admin name>
Admin ww: <Your admin password>
User: <UsernameForJoomla>
User ww: <Your Password>
Database: <YourDatabaseName>
Oude database: Verwijder
Voorbeeld...: Nee
Na grafische installatie:
cd /var/www
mv installation installation_OLD_USED (behalve als al via GUI verwijderd)
chmod 444 configuration.php
http://<localhost>/administrator
Add the following to the Apache config to BLOCK access from the Internet to the administrator site of Joomla.
vi /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/internal-external-https.conf
<IfModule mod_ssl.c>
<VirtualHost *:443>
ServerName <YOUR LOCAL IP ADDRESS OF THE INTERNAL WEBSERVER>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error2.log
#CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access2.log combined
Alias /administrator /var/www/administrator/
<Directory /var/www/administrator/>
<RequireAll>
Require ip <YOUR INTERNAL IP RANGES>
</RequireAll>
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:443>
# The ServerName directive sets the request scheme, hostname and port that
# the server uses to identify itself. This is used when creating
# redirection URLs. In the context of virtual hosts, the ServerName
# specifies what hostname must appear in the request's Host: header to
# match this virtual host. For the default virtual host (this file) this
# value is not decisive as it is used as a last resort host regardless.
# However, you must set it for any further virtual host explicitly.
#ServerName www.example.com
ServerName unix4life.nl
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /var/www
# Available loglevels: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the loglevel for particular
# modules, e.g.
#LogLevel info ssl:warn
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
#CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
# For most configuration files from conf-available/, which are
# enabled or disabled at a global level, it is possible to
# include a line for only one particular virtual host. For example the
# following line enables the CGI configuration for this host only
# after it has been globally disabled with "a2disconf".
#Include conf-available/serve-cgi-bin.conf
# Next to block all access from Internet to the Joomla Administrator site BY redirecting all URL traffic to the default website page
Alias /administrator /var/www/
</VirtualHost>
</IfModule>
vi /etc/apache2/conf-available/joomla.conf
#
# The next is not an error! You need this entry for external/internet traffic using URL: <YOUR-WEBSITE>/administrator/administrator
# the first /administrator will redirect to <YOUR-WEBSITE>, but the URL in address bar will be with /administrator, if someone puts again /administrator behind it they will get the regular login screen again.....that's why the extra alias entry with require ip ;-)
Alias /administrator /var/www/administrator/
<Directory /var/www/administrator/>
<RequireAll>
Require ip <YOUR INTERNAL IP RANGES>
</RequireAll>
</Directory>
<Directory "/var/www/configuration.php">
Require all denied
</Directory>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
<LocationMatch "^/[^/]*\.(php|html|txt).*">
Require all denied
</LocationMatch>
<LocationMatch "^/index\.(php|htm).*">
Require all granted
</LocationMatch>
<LocationMatch "^/google.*\.html">
Require all granted
</LocationMatch>
<LocationMatch "^/robots\.txt">
Require all granted
</LocationMatch>
Activate the new config via:
a2enconf joomla
systemctl reload apache2